Kohaku, what is this proposal sheet brought in right before the morning editorial meeting deadline? I trust it is a proposal made with full understanding of our publishing policy. (N3 lesson 1)
Confirming the identity of submitters, let's curate and place representative voices of everyday citizens with balance. We want a column where citizens and the press unite to improve society. (N3 lesson 140)
No, as soon as I collate this against the arrival schedule in our official records, I will deliver it to the editorial desk. As soon as corroborated, we will arrange to swap the page plates. (N3 lesson 3)
Yes, I make this decision on my authority. As soon as finalized figures from the exchange arrive, incorporate the latest numbers instantly and send the plate to the press! (N3 lesson 14)
In our haste for a scoop, committing acts that unjustifiably infringe upon the suspect's rights is unacceptable. To uphold journalistic ethics, withhold the name in today's paper and convey only objective facts of the case. (N3 lesson 20)
Yes. Carelessly airing uncorroborated footage on our news screens is nothing other than throwing away our credibility as a news organization. Footage of unknown origin lacking objective grounds must be excluded from broadcast entirely. (N2 lesson 4)
From the technical crew's perspective, that flawless recovery is nothing other than the fruit of years of discipline. Staff across the entire floor are praising your composure. (N2 lesson 18)
Alright, the edit is done and the text is off to the sub-control room! The control desk is wrapped in breathless tension, but with facts this accurate it will reach the viewers properly, no doubt about it. Run! (N2 lesson 5)
You fought through admirably. To your dedicated toil, as desk editor I offer sincere respect and appreciation. Every drop of sweat shed was an effort protecting citizens' safety and the public right to know without a doubt. (N2 lesson 30)
〜にしたがって / 〜にしたがい in accordance with; as (one thing changes)
Goro, watch the scale on the crucible thermometer closely. As the melting of lead alloy progresses, tiny temperature shifts impact the finish of casting molds. (N3 lesson 9)
固定用の真鍮ネジを締め込むにしたがって、インクの膜が均一に広がっていくのが目に見えて分かるね！
As you tighten the brass set-screws, you can visually tell that the ink film spreads uniformly! (N3 lesson 19)
〜おそれがある there is a risk / fear that
In 54 lines of the course, first in N4 lesson 9.
何っ、温泉の元栓の故障か！熱湯が外へ漏れていると火傷の恐れがあって極めて危険だ！
What, a breakdown of the main hot spring valve?! If scalding water is leaking outside, there's danger of burns and it's extremely hazardous! (N4 lesson 9)
Don't rush. Press it down with the spatula and spread it thin. If the coating is patchy, friction from high-speed rotation brings the danger of tearing paper. (N3 lesson 5)
〜に際して / 〜に際し on the occasion of
In 14 lines of the course, first in N2 lesson 10.
本番の中継出しまであと二分しかない！衛星回線の完全切断に際して、バックアップ回線は生きているのか？
Only two minutes until your live hit! Facing a complete drop of the satellite link, is the backup line alive? (N2 lesson 10)
Reporter Aoi, when a request is made for public documents, a statutory review period of two weeks is allowed. We cannot agree to an exceptional same-day disclosure. (N2 lesson 17)
We cannot publish an indictment piece that is not grounded upon objective corroborating evidence. To fulfill our social responsibility as a news organization, seize unshakeable proof first. (N3 lesson 10)
Please finish it into a logical piece grounded in historical precedents rather than mere speculation. Our readers are sure to find it convincing. (N3 lesson 12)
Yes, Aoi-san. Here is our official assessment certificate as an accredited environmental inspection lab. ...The results, even from my specialist perspective, have a truly chilling quality. (N2 lesson 37)
Miyo-san, I've come to get permission to browse the old chronicles in the archive. Grain prices along the canal are surging, but contrary to merchants' forecasts, I have a hunch similar precedents exist in the past. (N3 lesson 12)
Let me see. ...Ah, the slug's alignment notch on the side has chipped. Because this character has high usage frequency in council reporting, contrary to expectations it reached the end of its lifespan early. (N3 lesson 17)
Yeah. After heated discussion with the desk, we reached the decision to place the flood hazard—where lives are currently at risk—as our lead story. (N2 lesson 12)
The moment I tried correcting corporate fraud internally, I faced intimidating pressure from the firm dangling termination. Fearing retaliation against my family, I stayed silent once, but unable to bear the pangs of conscience, after a bitter struggle of a decision I chose to confess the truth. (N2 lesson 34)
Right. We're tuning airtime down to the second across the desks. An excuse like "it didn't go as planned, so we had an on-air mistake" has no chance of passing in the professional world. We alter the lineup flexibly to match the gravity of the news. (N2 lesson 12)
Look at that. The airport office answered: "It was a precautionary holding pattern due to sensor malfunction; there was zero fire, and it touched down safely." Without cool confirmation, there is no chance we protect our credibility as a news organization. Carve that into your soul! (N2 lesson 67)
Yes. Even if we display data that is merely a list of raw numbers, ordinary viewers will not grasp the gravity of the crisis intuitively. Through easy-to-understand infographic screens using bar and pie charts, I designed it so they can compare consumption ratios against past peaks. (N2 lesson 13)
It is merely public relations maneuvering orchestrated by a PR agency hired by the counterparty construction firm right before our broadcast. Let alone offering rebuttals to the central facts of illegal dumping, unable to present even an ounce of objective evidence, it is classic obstruction pivoting to personal attacks against the reporter. (N2 lesson 41)
〜である is (written, formal)
In 146 lines of the course, first in N5 lesson 13.
The content is indeed specific, but as long as the sender is anonymous, doubts remain over the information's credibility. We must verify truth or falsehood cautiously. (N3 lesson 10)
はい。長男である兄と、海外にいる姉が一人ずついます。
Yes. There is an older brother who is the firstborn son, and an older sister who is overseas. (N5 lesson 13)
Exactly. Once you stack a few fresh logs over the embers, rake out the spent white ash, and keep watch in shifts over stable heating power until morning. (N4 lesson 13)
親方、石炭の燃料をくべたことで、圧力計の針が指示する数値が危険な限界値へと近づきつつあります！
Boss, having fed coal fuel, the reading indicated by the pressure gauge needle is currently approaching hazardous upper limits! (N3 lesson 15)
Alright, that's the spirit. In parallel with our airtime approaching, blatant interference driven by their desperation is intensifying. But this is far from the time to submit to violence and threats by pulling our broadcast! If we pulled a stunt like that, investigative journalism in Japan would die out completely! (N2 lesson 47)
At this stage I can't, as desk editor, approve putting one-sided, uncorroborated accusations into broadcast copy. But I will allow reporting to check the facts. Go through everything and pursue the truth! (N2 lesson 15)
Aoi-san, regarding the audio file of the finance ministry executive dinner provided by our whistleblower, sharing it as-is with external consortium partners is too hazardous technically, so I am unable to consent. (N2 lesson 77)
Rather than merely objecting emotionally, it was my intent to use expressions that objectively question the policy's validity toward our broad readership base. (N3 lesson 18)
Hmm, he is turning a blind eye to the reality that small-and-medium merchants are groaning under excessive freight burdens. Rather than an optimistic outlook, it should be viewed as deliberate rhetoric to defend his own vested interests. (N3 lesson 41)
Yeah, fine loose pebbles are scattered across the steep incline, and if you let your guard down you could slide and fall into the valley floor. For guests walking there, it's best to lend sturdy walking sticks and give warning to avoid dangerous zones. (N4 lesson 18)
Just because it is an agreement among the trade guild does not mean we may stop giving citizens information altogether. It could end up covering up illicit monopolistic dealings. (N3 lesson 26)
From the technical crew's perspective, that flawless recovery is nothing other than the fruit of years of discipline. Staff across the entire floor are praising your composure. (N2 lesson 18)
We should lead with it in a big way on the 6:00 AM news first thing, and post the article on the web edition too! From the weight of this testimony, I'm convinced this is how the negligence happened! (N2 lesson 29)
By prioritizing information volume, the font size has become far too small. If we lack consideration for elderly viewers who rely on on-screen text to evacuate, we cannot fulfill our duty as a public broadcaster. (N2 lesson 22)
If the regulatory authority that should police corporate malfeasance intentionally covered up complaints out of collusion with contractors, this case goes beyond disciplinary reprimands, entering the scope of the State Redress Act. In line with public records regulations, scrutinize the sign-off routing of these administrative audit records. (N2 lesson 45)
Spotting an elementary school boy who narrowly escaped the falling crane, as he collapsed crying, I forced a microphone in his face for an interview. It's labeled "excessive interviewing lacking empathy for traumatized children," and phone operators are swamped with complaints... (N2 lesson 25)
I visited the advisory counter, but the public aid application procedures are cumbersome, leaving me clutching my head. Required to submit vast documentation—pre-disaster sales slips, disaster certificates, and business projections—it places excessive administrative burdens on someone busy shoveling mud daily. (N2 lesson 143)
Just because it is an agreement among the trade guild does not mean we may stop giving citizens information altogether. It could end up covering up illicit monopolistic dealings. (N3 lesson 26)
Just because they refused an interview doesn't mean we can afford to stop our pursuit. Toward tomorrow's evening edition, I'll help gather surrounding corroborating receipts! (N3 lesson 35)
Limited strictly to finalized data officially certified by the exchange, we will publish it accompanied by a proviso note. We clarify conditions for fair reporting, balancing consideration for industry with readers' right to know. (N3 lesson 26)
Yes. Limited strictly to real names of corrupt contractors involved, we will expose them in broad daylight in tonight's scoop! We cannot sit silently watching citizens' taxes divided up! (N3 lesson 61)
Swallowing just one expert's view whole and declaring it safe would be far from a responsible stance for a news organization; on the contrary, it could delay residents' evacuation and invite a catastrophe. (N2 lesson 26)
Sorry! I wanted to deliver the impact of the scene in maximum resolution, but the file size is far too heavy; far from making it in time for the broadcast, it won't even make late-night slots...! (N2 lesson 113)
Because they were protected inside sealed metal slots, recorded footage files are preserved intact. Depending on the success of drying by tomorrow morning, whether circuit insulation recovers will be decided. (N2 lesson 28)
Depending on tax agency decisions for mandatory audits, this is critical physical proof directly linked to criminal crackdowns for tax evasion. Diagramming the funding pipeline on tonight's broadcast, let us pursue them to shut down executive escape routes completely! (N2 lesson 43)
Morning commute hours are always packed! As new residential areas in the suburbs expand, the number of passengers concentrating into the city center during the morning is visibly growing. (N3 lesson 33)
Indeed. As train departures increase, citizens' living spheres expand, and the ratio of people buying morning papers at station kiosks tends to rise. (N3 lesson 33)
Oho, a far sturdier build than before. With this, when guests quietly draw water with both hands, they can purify hands and mouth pleasantly. (N4 lesson 35)
When descending dark stairs, to ensure guests do not jostle against each other in the corridors, I will lead them safely to the hall keeping proper distance! (N4 lesson 42)
That firm is the lead commercial sponsor for our prime-time block. If we expose their wrongdoing under their real name, they notified us they will withdraw advertising contracts worth hundreds of millions of yen annually. Fearing ripple effects across management resulting from network revenue drops, the sales side is in complete panic. (N2 lesson 36)
Thank you. While an equipment glitch resulting from poor pedal controller contact, thanks to your immediate reaction, I can continue reading news copy without dropping my eyes noticeably. (N2 lesson 95)
Protecting the life and personal safety of the whistleblower is our news organization's absolute covenant in return for their truthful testimony. Only on the premise of observing the principle of source confidentiality is airing this exposé footage permitted. (N2 lesson 40)
Yes! On the premise of adopting a unanimous subpoena resolution, fierce deliberations continue in the steering committee. As a grave matter affecting residents' lives and safety, national media attention is centered on this floor! (N2 lesson 51)
〜において / 〜における in, at (formal)
In 141 lines of the course, first in N3 lesson 43.
Yes. In judicial reporting, conveying only the factual context of finalized rulings objectively without mixing in emotion is more vital than anything else. Let us compile the story immediately. (N3 lesson 43)
Yes. In a public crisis that concerns citizens' lives, a news organization's duty is to put their safety before profit and get the information out fast. (N3 lesson 50)
If the regulatory authority that should police corporate malfeasance intentionally covered up complaints out of collusion with contractors, this case goes beyond disciplinary reprimands, entering the scope of the State Redress Act. In line with public records regulations, scrutinize the sign-off routing of these administrative audit records. (N2 lesson 45)
Please look. In the scenario where spikes in rates are contained and a stable inflation target is achieved, the government's debt-servicing costs stay within a manageable range. Provided fiscal discipline is kept steadily, the public debt ratio converges on a long-term path of consolidation, and the definitive conclusion of the simulation is that a balanced primary budget can be achieved. (N1 lesson 147)
Centering upon news concerning citizens' safety, the decision to reorganize allocation across the page is appropriate. Compress the main points of the theater review, and take care not to disrupt the overall balance. (N3 lesson 46)
Yeah. Because yields on 7-year and super-long paper have spiked, distortions across the entire yield curve have reached a breaking point. Unless we adjust the current tolerance band, the desk will be forced into heavy-handed market-propping purchases. (N1 lesson 3)
Your entire body is smeared in white flour. On the prep table sits the soy sauce cask that disappeared from the kitchen. This is caught in the act. (N4 lesson 49)
Presses halt in silence, having completed our 200,000-copy run without flaw! The sweat of the mechanical crew who picked type, cast lead, and turned oil-stained engines has raised an imperishable monument here! (N3 lesson 190)
〜を込めて with (a feeling put in)
In 19 lines of the course, first in N4 lesson 50.
はい！僕、反省と感謝の気持ちを込めて、ピカピカになるまで一生懸命磨きます！
Yes! Filled with remorse and gratitude, I'll polish with all my might until it shines spotless! (N4 lesson 50)
Indeed. Infusing our deep gratitude for the waters continuing to gush forth through the rich blessings of the earth, clap your hands before the hot spring deities. (N4 lesson 54)
Kenta, there's no time to stand around daydreaming in front of the type storage racks. Align the characters into the racks following the order of radical stroke counts. (N3 lesson 2)
Yes! I will re-sort them carefully following classification rules. Only after knocking over a type-case and getting scolded did the value of orderly arrangement truly sink in...! (N3 lesson 2)
Regardless of wealth gaps or social standing, to ensure preventative knowledge reaches every home across the city, I'll place the warning under the boldest, most prominent headline! (N3 lesson 50)
Yes! Regardless of the subjects' social status, as long as the facts carry public benefit concerning civic welfare, and veracity is proven through firm evidence, legal protection will be recognized! (N3 lesson 90)
Yes. Even if you file for a provisional injunction, it will merely be dismissed by the court. Our news bureau has zero intention of yielding an inch in legal battles. Staking our prestige as a news organization, we will confront any pressure with a resolute stance. Good day to you. (N2 lesson 53)
〜にあたって / 〜にあたり on the occasion of, when (formal)
In 5 lines of the course, first in N4 lesson 54.
タロー、祭りの本番を迎えるにあたり、源泉の祠の前で厳かな儀式を執り行うぞ。
Taro, as we greet the main festival, we will perform a solemn ceremony before the shrine of the hot spring source. (N4 lesson 54)
Yes. Approaching this ten-year milestone, rather than boasting of past deeds, the intent is to record the history of journalism walked alongside citizens comprehensively. The extraordinary budget has already been approved. (N3 lesson 161)
〜ことなく without (ever) doing
In 43 lines of the course, first in N4 lesson 54.
パン、パン！この温かいお湯が永遠に枯れることなく湧き続けますように、と心の中で祈願いたしました！
Clap, clap! I prayed in my heart that this warm water may continue to flow forever without drying up! (N4 lesson 54)
Yes. We cannot afford to allow corporate malfeasance to fade as temporary gossip. Answering the public right to know, it will be a powerful telecast driving society forward without a doubt. (N2 lesson 55)
All of you truly carried a heavy responsibility well. The guardians of a currency must, through whatever storms the age brings, answer the trust of the people and protect the bedrock of the nation and of the world economy. With the strength of our firm unity in our hearts, let us go forward into the dawn of a new age! (N1 lesson 140)
No. Over these past months, through stormy nights and festival crowds, you overcame every obstacle with sincere effort. As of today, you officially graduate from apprenticeship and are promoted to full staff member. (N4 lesson 59)
I pulled a proof and examined it. ...Row justification, paragraph spacing, letterheads—all flawless. Zero misprints, you pass with top marks! As of today, you are promoted from apprentice to full compositor! (N3 lesson 184)
Miki-san, I was checking it too. Under the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act, claiming medicinal effects for a health food not approved as a medicine, such as treating or preventing a particular disease, falls foul of the law and is strictly forbidden. (N2 lesson 73)
Yes. Detailed metadata like GPS coordinates and device serials are embedded in file headers by smartphone recording apps. Furthermore, if invisible digital watermarks are seeded across specific frequencies, leak routes could easily be traced by authorities analyzing acoustic waveforms. (N2 lesson 77)
Let alone the writer's personal culpability, the desk's oversight failure for not catching plagiarism before publishing cannot be excused! An intolerable scandal betraying our pride as a news organization at its core! (N2 lesson 74)
But as a decisive blow to show the speculators how serious the central bank is, the tightening effect of not sterilizing is hard to give up. Let's judge the critical point where supply and demand in the market are evenly matched, and steer our operations to keep policy consistency right up to the edge. (N1 lesson 71)
Ren, we're setting market price columns for regional rice and soybeans. We finish grain quotes from major producing hubs, tallied across three days nationwide, into a precise lattice summary table. (N3 lesson 75)
Right! Repeating several test trials to regulate ink discharge, steady supply is now achieved across the full width. With this, we can produce an even black without blotches! (N3 lesson 89)
Checking the position of the nick on the slug's back by touch, and resetting it the moment your fingertip feels anything off: that is how a skilled craftsman ought to work. (N3 lesson 76)
From the standpoint of honoring freedom of expression, detailed consideration for the peace of private lives must not be neglected. Bringing past footage into compliance with modern ethical standards is what constitutes professional integrity. (N2 lesson 70)
Legal Counsel Togashi, regarding the incident in last month's urban development special where graphics were aired giving the false impression that my client, a real estate development firm, had ties to organized crime—the Tokyo District Court judge has issued settlement recommendations. (N2 lesson 80)
This gives viewers a visual illusion as if minor fluctuations are surging tenfold! We risk facing criticism alleging intentional exaggeration concerning how we display data! (N2 lesson 84)
Show me. ...Ah, translating literally this reads as "harbor closure," but judging by context it means "quarantine port standby." Rather than mere anchorage, it is an official epidemic prevention procedure. (N3 lesson 82)
Kuroda-san, the entire field crew has been deployed continuously since early morning. Under labor regulations, continuous working hours are exceeding our caps. (N2 lesson 14)
I am ready. Except for classified matters concerning informant safety, I stand prepared to disclose all records of the reporting process. (N2 lesson 86)
That is precisely why prudent procedure is required. While guarding source confidentiality, until we obtain the counterparty's formal rebuttal, we have no choice but to withhold the judgment to name them. (N2 lesson 7)
Whoa, they announced with an extra zero by mistake! Confronted with the reliability of historical burial records, the office will have no choice but to admit the error and publish a correction. Thanks for the proof! (N3 lesson 87)
Splendid. Seeing the turmoil at the regional institutions this time, it has been proven beyond doubt how vital it is to keep liquidity buffers sufficient in normal times. No further extension of the grace period for introducing the international regulatory standards can be allowed. (N1 lesson 100)
Impeccable technical execution must join deep awareness of your lineage duty; witnessing craft transmission across generations leaves me with profound reverence. (N1 lesson 178)
So it has come to this at last. Since we must call on an enormous injection of public funds, not only must the present management step down; strict shareholder responsibility cannot be avoided. (N1 lesson 101)
Goro-san, the alarm buzzer on the automatic web break-detector along the feed line is blaring nonstop! A break seems to have happened somewhere in the electrical circuit! (N3 lesson 113)
Kuroda-san, the entire field crew has been deployed continuously since early morning. Under labor regulations, continuous working hours are exceeding our caps. (N2 lesson 14)
〜をめぐって / 〜をめぐる concerning, over (a dispute)
In 16 lines of the course, first in N3 lesson 118.
Miyo-san, report collation results between court depositions on the canal bribery case and shorthand records brought back by our reporter. (N3 lesson 118)
In spite of the objective veracity of the published facts having been proven, waving massive damages to intimidate our company must surely be a plot to muzzle follow-up investigative reports. (N3 lesson 135)
Don't give me that! Despite the existence of irrefutable proof via recorded interview tapes with the on-site substation supervisor, they intend to dodge liability as a company! (N2 lesson 20)
Exactly. Are we ready to put before the court the original secret ledger, sealed in a notary's presence, and the witnesses' depositions, and fight this in law? (N3 lesson 135)
If viewer distrust rises, our social credibility continues to plummet steadily. Restrain all unprincipled reporting lacking basic empathy immediately. Do not damage this network's reputation any further. Under my strict guidance, I will drill the fundamentals of journalism into you from scratch! (N2 lesson 25)
〜に耐えうる / 〜に耐えられる able to withstand, worthy of
In 12 lines of the course, first in N3 lesson 137.
If tension slackens, pages detach over years of turning. Only after covers and core unite rigidly is a durable volume capable of enduring a century completed. (N3 lesson 137)
Splendid paper quality. Compared to regular wood-pulp stock, long vegetable fibers interlace toughly, providing durability against discoloration and weathering. It will endure across a century. (N3 lesson 169)
Taro reporting. Outside a long-standing bakery in the shopping district hit directly by floor-level inundation. Shopkeeper, while mud removal inside is finished, your commercial baking ovens and refrigerated display cases were completely submerged, weren't they? (N2 lesson 143)
Yes, Desk Head! In some repo trades the trade data has been matched, but the bonds themselves haven't been delivered, in dozens of cases. With today's 15:00 delivery date approaching, the settlement backlog could grow like an avalanche. (N1 lesson 58)
Exactly. Whether we can protect the capital's value while securing a certain rate of return depends on implementing a management system that can adjust flexibly as market conditions change. With the Ministry of Finance, I'll carry through steadily the migration of the portfolio to the revised standards. (N1 lesson 144)
つまり、異なる性質を持つ微生物たちが、木の深さや湿度に応じて巧みに棲み分けを行っているのですね。
Meaning diverse microorganisms establish habitat segregation based on moisture and depth within the timber. (N1 lesson 235)
Miki-san, tomorrow's election special runs six and a half hours non-stop without commercials, from 7:50 PM to 2:30 AM. Are preparations for your physical stamina and vocal care in order? (N2 lesson 160)
Using the launch of this mandatory investigation as a turning point, prime contractors' safety responsibilities will be scrutinized. Hit them with brief, sharp questions! (N2 lesson 9)
Miyo-san, I finished analyzing infectious disease clinical records from the municipal hospital over the past decade. The effects of modern waterworks laid following our cholera reporting show up in staggering figures! (N3 lesson 172)
This is genuine wild black maitake! It's the phantom mushroom said to be named because whoever found it danced for joy. The mycelium spread deep underground has broken years of silence and burst into flower above ground all at once. (N1 lesson 195)
Ah, those are the pressed lees left behind after filtering the liquid—prized cakes poetically celebrated since antiquity as kobore-ume, or scattered plum blossoms, for their resemblance to fallen petals. (N1 lesson 227)
The ink strokes inscribed across the wood radiate formidable formal prestige. These are treasured heirlooms handed down by generations of grand masters, kept strictly behind vault doors. (N1 lesson 241)
〜げ seeming, -looking
In 1 line of the course, first in N1 lesson 270.
厨房の熱狂と、料理人たちを一糸乱れぬ規律で導く慎二の統率力を見つめ、満足げに口元を緩める
Watching the fervor of the kitchen, and Shinji's command leading the cooks in perfect order, with a satisfied smile. (N1 lesson 270)
〜きり / 〜っきり only; since (and not again)
In 1 line of the course, first in N1 lesson 279.
家元、二人きりでのお呼び出し、何でございましょうか。
Grand Master, you summoned me for private counsel? (N1 lesson 279)
〜にかかわらず / 〜に関わりなく regardless of
〜に決まっている surely, definitely
〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち prior to
〜につき per; due to (notices)
〜あげく after all that (a bad outcome)
〜てからというもの ever since (a change)
〜ことか how (very) …! (exclamation)
〜ことに (感情) to one's (surprise / regret …)
〜のことだから knowing (someone), it being …
〜ないことはない it's not that … not (can, but)
〜ないことには unless (… nothing can happen)
〜ずにはいられない / 〜ないではいられない cannot help doing
〜てならない can't help feeling, terribly
〜だけあって / 〜だけのことはある as might be expected of
〜だけに precisely because, all the more since
〜ばかりか / 〜ばかりでなく not only … but also
〜たばかりに just because (with a bad result)
〜ものなら if (one could / if one dared)
〜ものか / 〜もんか no way! (strong denial)
〜といえば / 〜というと / 〜といったら speaking of; when it comes to
